Distraction osteogenesis at the oral and maxillofacial surgery department of the Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá

Abstract

Introduction: Distraction osteogenesis is a surgical technique based on the principle of  “tension-stress”,  which  stimulates  bone  formation  and  histogenesis.  Objective: To describe the use of distraction osteogenesis and to analyze its phases in patients treated  at  the  Oral  and  Maxillofacial  Department  of  the  Hospital  Militar  Central.  Design: A descriptive observational study was performed. Materials and methods: A non-probabilistic convenience sample which included all patients who underwent distraction osteogenesis from March 2009 to December 2014 for correcting sequelae of facial trauma, defects caused by tumor resection or by dentofacial anomalies and congenital malformations was analyzed. Results: 73.6% of patients were male, with an average of 21.79 years. The most common etiologic factor was the Dentofacial deformities  (50.9%)  followed  by  Gunshot  wounds  (22.6%).  It  showed  a  latency  of  7.02  days,  an  activation  period  of  18.25  days  and  a  period  of  consolidation  /  remodeling  of  27.30  weeks.  Conclusions: Distraction  osteogenesis  allows  the  formation of supporting bone and soft tissue, it is considered as an ideal solution for tissue restitution regardless the type of pathology.